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Table 2 Impaired participation (measured with HALT-30 index) by headache type and gender

From: Headache-attributed burden and a health-care needs assessment in Delhi and National Capital Region of India: estimates from a cross-sectional population-based study

 

Overall

Male

Female

Male vs. female

Lost days/month

mean±SEM, median

HALT questions 1 and 2 (relating to paid work)

Any headache

0.1±0.0, 0.0

0.3±0.1, 0.0

0.1±0.0, 0.0

F(1, 1445) = 7.8, p= 0.005

pMOH

0.9±0.5, 0.0

3.6±3.6, 0.0

0.7±0.4, 0.0

F(1, 60) = 2.7, p = 0.11

Other H15+

0.9±0.5, 0.0

3.5±2.7, 0.0

0.3±0.2, 0.0

F(1, 93) = 6.5, p = 0.01

Migraine

0.1±0.0, 0.0

0.3±0.1, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

F(1, 583) = 17.0, p < 0.001

TTH

0.0±0.0, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

F(1, 702) = 5.8, p = 0.20

 

F(3, 1442) = 13.5, p < 0.001

   

HALT questions 3 and 4 (relating to household chores)

Any headache

1.0±0.1, 0.0

0.4±0.2, 0.0

1.2±0.1, 0.0

F(1, 1446) = 12.4, p < 0.001

pMOH

7.3±1.1, 4.0

4.0±4.0, 0.0

7.6±1.2, 4.0

F(1, 60) = 0.7, p = 0.39

Other H15+

4.3±0.9, 0.0

4.5±3.0, 0.0

4.2±0.9, 0.0

F(1, 93) = 0.0, p = 0.93

Migraine

0.9±0.1, 0.0

0.5±0.1, 0.0

1.0±0.1, 0.0

F(1, 583) = 4.4, p = 0.04

TTH

0.1±0.0, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

0.1±0.0, 0.0

F(1, 703) = 3.2, p = 0.07

 

F(3, 1443) = 126.4, p < 0.001

   

HALT question 5 (relating to social or leisure activities)

Any headache

0.0±0.0, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

F(1, 1445) = 0.1, p = 0.7

pMOH

0.4±0.1, 0.0

1.0±1.0, 0.0

0.3±0.1, 0.0

F(1, 60) = 1.9, p = 0.17

Other H15+

0.0±0.0, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

F(1, 93) = 0.4, p = 0.51

Migraine

0.0±0.0, 0.0

0.1±0.1, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

F(1, 583) = 3.3, p = 0.07

TTH

0.0±0.0, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

0.0±0.0, 0.0

F(1, 702) = 0.0, p = 0.97

 

F(3, 1442) = 30.5, p < 0.001

   
  1. HALT: headache-attributed lost time; pMOH: probable medication-overuse headache; H15+: headache on ≥ 15 days/month; TTH: tension-type headache; significant p-values are emboldened